Alterations in DNA Methylation May Be the Key to Early Detection and Treatment of Schistosomal Bladder Cancer

1 Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 2 Stanford Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 3 Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 4 Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America, 5 Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America, 6 Division of Urology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, D.C., United States of America, 7 Department of Urology, The GeorgeWashington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America